The Routine Daily News: January 2022

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"Imagine we live in a small band of five hunters, our spouses, and two children per couple—twenty people in total. The hunting is difficult, so we hunters only make kills on 5 percent of all days. Consequently, each nuclear family would go without meat for an entire month during one out of every five months, on average. However, if we share our kills, our band will almost never go a month without meat (less than 0.05 percent of months). Interestingly, now that we are sharing, the survival of you and your family will partly depend on me—on my health and survival. If I die, the chances that you and your family go a month without meat will increase by a factor of four. Even worse, my absence increases the chances that one of the other hunters or his spouse will die in the coming years—poor nutrition leads to sickness, etc. If another hunter dies, or leaves the band because his spouse dies, your chances of going a month without meat will increase by 22 times from the original situation, and now the chances of someone else falling ill or dying further escalates. From an evolutionary point of view, social norms like those that create food sharing mean that an individual's fitness—their ability to survive and reproduce—is intertwined with the fitness of everyone else in the band. This entangles even band members who don't directly contribute to each other's welfare: if your spouse nurses you back to health when you are ill, and you share your game with me and my kids, I need to worry about your spouse's welfare." Joseph Henrich